Proactive work behavior and its antecedents: Survey data on correctional officers throughout Indonesia.

This dataset contains data from a survey of officers in correctional institutions throughout Indonesia. A total of 1284 officers completed the survey regarding their self-assessment of proactive work behavior, perceived organizational support, person-environment fit, proactive personality, and role breadth self-efficacy. In addition to raw data, this dataset presents the characteristics of respondents, a description of respondents' answers, and statistical validation of this survey data. This dataset can be reused by researchers for the evaluation of factors that encourage proactive behavior in the correctional context. In addition, this dataset can be utilized by policy makers related to human resource management in correctional institutions in Indonesia.

Adjusting the british triage system for dental care in South Korean correctional institutions: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The oral health status of inmates in South Korean correctional institutions is poor, mainly due to limited resources and an unestablished triage system. Hence, this study aimed to develop a newly structured dental triage system for South Korean correctional institutions, using the British triage system as a reference. METHODS: This study included 32 public health dentists working at correctional institutions in South Korea in 2020, accounting for the entire population of public health dentists that year. Data on the dentists' evaluation of resources and perceptions of dental service items were collected using a self-administered online survey including 19 dental service items from the British triage system to assess the level of agreement on dental triage items. All responses were recorded within 1 week of request, and a hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to develop a new dental triage system. RESULTS: The survey included 31 respondents working at 47 correctional institutions; 16, 14, and one respondent provided dental services at one, two, and three institutions, respectively. Among the correctional institutions, 2%, 74%, and 23% were the National Forensic Hospital, prisons, and detention centres, respectively. The hierarchical cluster analysis identified four adjusted dental triage categories: emergency, urgent, routine, and checkups, mainly in accordance with those in the British system, but a few items were reallocated. The new dental triage system was compared to the existing system and found to have higher specificity and sensitivity, indicating that it may be more effective at meeting the oral health needs of inmates in South Korean correctional institutions. CONCLUSIONS: This study developed a newly structured dental triage system by adjusting the British system and evaluated its efficacy compared to the existing system. The new system may help improve the oral health status of inmates in South Korean correctional institutions by providing a more organized approach to dental care provision.

Opioid agonist treatment (OAT) experiences and release plans among federally incarcerated individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) in Ontario, Canada: a mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: Incarcerated populations experience an elevated prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD). Federal correctional institutions in Canada have increasingly treated OUD among correctional populations via opioid agonist treatment (OAT) - an evidence based pharmacotherapy that works to reduce drug use and related health harms. However, there is limited evidence regarding incarcerated individuals' experiences with institutional-based OAT, as well potential OAT-related community release prospects. This information is important for optimal treatment retention and improved health. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a longitudinal follow-up study examining OAT-related experiences among federally incarcerated individuals before and after community release. This article focuses on the baseline (pre-release) data. METHODS: This mixed-methods study examined OAT-related experiences and release prospects among n = 46 individuals scheduled for community release, recruited from seven federal prisons located in Ontario, Canada. Participants underwent a comprehensive interviewer-administered on-site assessment, including quantitative and qualitative items. Assessment data was furthermore linked to administrative correctional data. Data were analyzed using thematic qualitative and descriptive quantitative approaches. RESULTS: Participants had complex histories with opioid use including related negative health outcomes. Experiences with institutional OAT were divergent and provision was not standardized; those with OAT engagement pre-admission did not experience many challenges, whereas those initiating OAT during incarceration experienced barriers such as treatment waitlists and adverse process experiences. Most participants expressed a preference for buprenorphine-naloxone over methadone, but described difficulties accessing it. Participants were keen to transition into community-based treatment, yet envisaged prospective barriers and facilitators concerning successful reintegration and treatment continuity. CONCLUSIONS: Major barriers towards the current administration of OAT in federal correctional systems in Canada exist, including extensive waitlists, non-standardized practices, and challenges accessing preferred OAT formulations; this contributes to sub-optimal treatment. Eliminating waitlists, standardizing OAT provision, providing additional OAT options, and more comprehensive release planning may be essential for treatment retention and positive outcomes.

Forgiveness therapy in a maximum-security correctional institution: A randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: Forgiveness Therapy is proposed as a novel approach to rehabilitation for men in a maximum-security correctional institution to alleviate psychological compromises. METHOD: In a two-tiered study, volunteer participants within a correctional institution (N = 103) were asked to report past experiences of abuse and unjust treatment prior to their first crime and were measured on anger, anxiety, depression, hope and forgiveness. Twenty four of the most clinically compromised participants were selected from this initial assessment, with pairs first matched on certain characteristics and then randomly assigned to either experimental or control group interventions followed by a cross-over design (N = 9 in each group at the study's end). Experimental participants received 24 weeks of Forgiveness Therapy. Control group participants received 24 weeks of an alternative treatment followed by Forgiveness Therapy. Dependent variables included anger, anxiety, depression, forgiveness, hope, self-esteem and empathy. RESULTS: Ninety percent of 103 participants reported moderate to severe abuse in childhood or adolescence. Data showed an inverse relationship between forgiveness and anger, anxiety and depression. In the Forgiveness Therapy, anger, anxiety, depression, empathy and forgiveness were statistically significant favouring both experimental groups. These results remained at the 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Forgiveness Therapy is shown to be effective for correctional rehabilitation in healing clinical psychological compromise and in promoting positive psychological well-being in men within a maximum-security facility.

The implementation of correctional nursing practice-Caring behind bars: A grounded theory study.

AIM: To understand how registered nurses implement their nursing practice in correctional institutions with healthcare governance by a health authority (e.g. Ministry of Health). DESIGN: Straussian grounded theory. METHODS: Simultaneous data collection and analysis were undertaken using theoretical sampling, constant comparison and memo writing. Thirteen registered nurses engaged in semi-structured telephone interviews about implementing their correctional nursing practice including, providing direct care to adult offenders. Data were collected (December 2018 to October 2019) until saturation occurred. Analytic coding (open, axial and final theoretical integration) was performed to identify the core category and subcategories around which the substantive theory was developed. RESULTS: The theory of Caring Behind Bars refers to the process of how registered nurses implemented their correctional nursing practice to care for offenders. The core category of Caring Behind Bars is comprised of five subcategories: tension between custody and caring, adaptability and advocacy, offender population, provision of care, and challenging and positive elements. CONCLUSION: Caring Behind Bars required registered nurses to address tension between custody and caring by adapting and advocating to access offenders. The provision of care required registered nurses to use assessment skills and numerous resources to provide a variety of patient focused care to offenders. The consequences of Caring Behind Bars had challenging and positive elements. IMPACT: The tension provides purposeful space to continue improving teamwork among correctional officers and registered nurses. More research is required about the impact of correctional healthcare governance models on professional practice and health outcomes. Frontline registered nurses can use the theory to make informed choices when providing care. Registered nurses practising in other domains of correctional nursing (i.e. administration, education and research) can also use this theory to advance and inform practice with the goal of promoting offender health.

Coping on the inside: Design for therapeutic incarceration interventions - A case study.

BACKGROUND: Adjusting to incarceration is traumatic. An under-utilized strategy understood to buffer and counteract the negative impacts of incarceration are nature interventions. OBJECTIVE: Outcomes of an interdisciplinary design studio course focused on developing masterplans for a women's prison in the Pacific Northwest (US) are presented. Course objectives included comprehension and application of therapeutic and culturally expressive design principles to increase the benefits of environmental design within a carceral setting; collaboration, developing a deeper, more representative understanding of how design processes can improve the lives of marginalized populations; and enhancing design skills, including at masterplan and schematic scale using an iterative process and reflection. METHODS: A landscape architect, occupational therapist, and architect teaching team, with support from architects and justice specialists facilitated an elective design studio course to redesign the Washington Corrections Center for Women campus. RESULTS: In a ten-week academic quarter, six student design teams created conceptual masterplans for therapeutic outdoor spaces at the Washington Corrections Center for Women. Students presented their plans to prison staff, current and ex-offenders, and architects and landscape architects in practice, and then received positive feedback. CONCLUSION: Despite well-documented need for and value of nature interventions to improve health and wellbeing for everyone regardless of circumstance or situation, the project awaits administrative approval to move forward to installation.

Prevalence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taif social correctional center, Saudi Arabia.

INTRODUCTION: Community-acquired methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are primarily distinguished through their genetic characteristics. These strains carry the smaller types of staphylococcal cassette chromosome, specifically types IV and V. These infections occur mostly in healthy younger patients, and have been linked to such severe clinical conditions as necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis. A higher risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus contagion exists among incarcerated sub-populations; therefore, this study investigated colonization rate and risk factors among the residents of the Taif Social Correctional Center. METHODOLOGY: The study included 93 inmates and 19 employees. Specimens were collected from participants' noses and hands and from different environmental locations. The isolated organisms were identified according to standard microbiological methods. Methicillin resistance was evaluated using the standard cefoxitin disk diffusion method and oxacillin screen agar procedure. Methicillin resistance was further confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: High methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization rate was found among the center residents (24.7%) and employees (15.8%). Long duration of residence in the correctional institution and bad hand hygiene emerged as prominent risk factors for this colonization. An antibiogram categorized the isolated strains into six phenotypes, with a predominance of two antibiotic-resistant patterns suggesting cross-contamination and the presence of local foci of dissemination. CONCLUSIONS: Taif Social Correctional Center residents exhibited a higher prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization than was found in similar institutions. Poor personal hygiene and infection control measures are likely the major contributors to the problem.

Pensar, sentir e agir de profissionais que atuam com gestantes e mães com bebês no sistema prisional / The way of thinking, feeling and acting of professionals who deal with pregnant women and mothers with babies in penal institutions

Resumo Introdução: a maternidade no contexto prisional assume especial complexidade devido aos efeitos psicossociais do aprisionamento, que repercutem nas mães prisioneiras e nos profissionais que atuam no meio. Objetivo: identificar formas de pensar, sentir e agir de profissionais que trabalham em contexto prisional com prisioneiras gestantes e com bebês. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, com uso de entrevistas com profissionais que atuavam em unidades prisionais materno-infantis do estado de São Paulo. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em 2015. Os discursos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo com categorização temática. Utilizou-se Winnicott e Krech como referenciais teóricos. Resultados: a análise dos discursos revelou que os profissionais precisam lidar com as limitações institucionais e as vulnerabilidades sociais das presas. Nesse contexto, atuam com base em ideias fundamentadas nas áreas em que trabalham, como as esferas sociais, jurídicas e religiosas, e são movidos por ideais contraditórios, pautados pelos direitos humanos e pela rigidez prisional da segurança, próxima da lógica da punição. Reuniões multiprofissionais para reflexões críticas potencializam o enfrentamento das adversidades. Conclusão: o compartilhamento coletivo de impotências e de potencialidades parece possibilitar novas reconfigurações do trabalho e edificar uma atuação interdisciplinar para o enfrentamento dos efeitos institucionais e psicossociais do aprisionamento.

Abstract Introduction: the motherhood experience in prison involves a unique complexity due to psychosocial effects of imprisonment, which rebound in both the incarcerated mothers and professionals working in the prison system. Objective: to identify the ways of thinking, feeling, and acting of the professionals who deal with pregnant women and mothers with babies in prisons. Methods: qualitative research conducted in 2015 with data obtained by interviews with professionals who worked for prison units in the state of São Paulo. Data underwent thematic content analysis, based on Winnicott's and Krech's studies. Results: the analysis revealed that those professionals need to deal with institutional limitations and inmates' social vulnerabilities. They relied on notions from their own working field, such as the social, legal, and religious spheres. Moreover, the professionals are driven by contradictory ideals grounded on human rights and on prison rigidity, which comes near to the punishment logic. Multidisciplinary meetings for critical reflections help overcoming these adversities. Conclusion: the collective sharing of helplessness and potentialities seems to enable new working reconfigurations and build an interdisciplinary action to face imprisonment institutional and psychosocial effects.

Going "green" from gray: Providing opportunities of community development and sustainability within a correctional facilities program.

This quasi-experimental study examined the community and psychosocial benefits in the development of a "green space" environmental project (apple fruit tree orchard) among community residents and inmates in a minimum security prison in St. Paul, MN. Seventeen (n = 17) participants volunteered in the development of an apple tree orchard located on the grounds of a prison facility located in Ramsey County, MN. Participants (inmates and community residents) prepared the planting area (two acres) and planted a variety of 60 fruit bearing apple trees (Frostbite©, HoneyCrisp©, SnowSweet©, and Haralson©) designed for an upper Midwest (zone 3a) environment. After the tree planting project, a survey was administered that examined perceptions of volunteering in community service programs and how connected individuals felt to their community after participation. A Pearson correlation coefficient test identified a highly significant correlation (r=.934; p<.001) between the variables of community service work as important activities for all persons with feeling better connected to the community. Suggestions for future research involving community service activities within correctional facilities are offered.

Responding to Incidents of Sexual Victimization in Correctional Institutions: Correctional Officer Perspectives.

This study examined beliefs among correctional officers about responding to inmate-on-inmate sexual assault in jails. It is unique in its focus as no other published study has examined this topic using these variables in this setting. The authors utilize survey methodology to measure correctional officer perceptions about responding to sexual assaults among inmates. Results indicate that support for responding to instances of sexual assault among inmates differs somewhat by type of response and size of jail facility examined. Multivariate results suggest that while perceptions of inmate credibility are usually relevant, demographic factors matter more for those who work in larger jails, while beliefs about rape myths are somewhat more relevant in smaller jails. Implications for correctional policy and training and avenues for continued research are discussed.

COPD characteristics and socioeconomic burden in Hellenic correctional institutions.

BACKGROUND: The high prevalence of smoking (80%) in Greek correctional institutions is anticipated to result in high prevalence of COPD in such settings. AIM: The aim of the Greek obstructive luNg disease epidemiOlogy and health economics Study In corrective institutionS (GNOSIS) is to determine the prevalence of smoking and COPD among inmates and to assess the health-related quality of life. METHODS: GNOSIS, a cross-sectional epidemiological study, was conducted between March 2011 and December 2011 in seven correctional institutions in Greece. RESULTS: A total of 552 participants, 91.3% male, median age of 43.0 years (interquartile range: 35-53), were enrolled. COPD prevalence was 6.0% and was found to increase with age (18.6% among those ≥60 years), length of prison stay, and length of sentence. Of the participants diagnosed with COPD, 36.4% were diagnosed with Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage I and 51.5% were diagnosed with stage II. Dyspnea severity was assessed as grades 0-1 on the medical research council dyspnea scale for 88.3%, while 31% reported ≥2 COPD exacerbations in the past year. Seventy-nine percent of the total number of the participants were smokers, with a median smoking of 20.0 cigarettes per day, while 42.9% were assessed as having a strong addiction to nicotine. The median EuroQol visual analog scale score was 70.0 (interquartile range: 60.0-90.0). Problems in the dimension of anxiety/depression were reported by 82.8%. CONCLUSION: The results of the study support the notion that the prevalence of COPD among inmates of Greek correctional institutions may increase in the following years. The findings underscore the importance of taking actions to limit COPD prevalence and its risk factors in the Greek correctional system.

A pesquisa em instituições de preservação da ordem / The research in preserving order institutions / La investigación en instituciones de conservación de la orden

O presente artigo objetiva colocar em análise os desafios da pesquisa em instituições de preservação da ordem, tomando como vetor analítico a questão da (des)confiança. A sensação de insegurança é fortalecida por processos de subjetivação que potencializam a incerteza como principal vetor do controle social e pela repressão a determinados grupos sociais entendidos como “classes perigosas”, objetivo último de tais instituições. Teoria e prática, pesquisa e intervenção, pesquisador e pesquisado: elementos de um território de dicotomias clássicas da pesquisa científica. Discute-se, neste texto, as questões que emergem da prática do pesquisarCOM em instituições em que as relações estão determinadas por um desequilíbrio no exercício do poder. Conclui-se que tal perspectiva de pesquisa não é apenas possível, mas necessária.

This article aims to analyze the challenges of research in correctional institutions using the question of (dis)trust as an analytical vector. The production of a pervasive feeling of insecurity is the ultimate objective of such institutions. It is entrenched by processes of subjection that use the spread of uncertainty as the principal vector of social control and the repression of specific social groups classified as “dangerous”. Theory and practice, research and intervention, knower and known: components of a territory of traditional dichotomies in scientific research. We examine the questions that emerge from a ResearchWITH practice in institutions where relationships are determined by an imbalance of power. Such research perspective is not only possible but necessary.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los retos de la investigación en las instituciones de preservación de la orden, teniendo como vector de análisis la cuestión de la (des)confianza. La sensación de inseguridad se ve reforzada por procesos subjetivos que aprovechan la incertidumbre como el principal vector de control social y de represión a ciertos grupos sociales que se perciben como "clases peligrosas", el objetivo final de este tipo de instituciones. La teoría y la práctica, la investigación y la intervención, el investigador y el investigado: elementos de un territorio de dicotomías clásicas de la investigación científica. Se analiza en este trabajo, las preguntas que surgen de la práctica de investigarCON en las instituciones en que las relaciones son determinadas por un desequilibrio en el poder. Se concluye que tal perspectiva de investigación no sólo es posible, sino necesario.

A pesquisa em instituições de preservação da ordem / The research in preserving order institutions / La investigación en instituciones de conservación de la orden

O presente artigo objetiva colocar em análise os desafios da pesquisa em instituições de preservação da ordem, tomando como vetor analítico a questão da (des)confiança. A sensação de insegurança é fortalecida por processos de subjetivação que potencializam a incerteza como principal vetor do controle social e pela repressão a determinados grupos sociais entendidos como “classes perigosas”, objetivo último de tais instituições. Teoria e prática, pesquisa e intervenção, pesquisador e pesquisado: elementos de um território de dicotomias clássicas da pesquisa científica. Discute-se, neste texto, as questões que emergem da prática do pesquisarCOM em instituições em que as relações estão determinadas por um desequilíbrio no exercício do poder. Conclui-se que tal perspectiva de pesquisa não é apenas possível, mas necessária.

This article aims to analyze the challenges of research in correctional institutions using the question of (dis)trust as an analytical vector. The production of a pervasive feeling of insecurity is the ultimate objective of such institutions. It is entrenched by processes of subjection that use the spread of uncertainty as the principal vector of social control and the repression of specific social groups classified as “dangerous”. Theory and practice, research and intervention, knower and known: components of a territory of traditional dichotomies in scientific research. We examine the questions that emerge from a ResearchWITH practice in institutions where relationships are determined by an imbalance of power. Such research perspective is not only possible but necessary.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar los retos de la investigación en las instituciones de preservación de la orden, teniendo como vector de análisis la cuestión de la (des)confianza. La sensación de inseguridad se ve reforzada por procesos subjetivos que aprovechan la incertidumbre como el principal vector de control social y de represión a ciertos grupos sociales que se perciben como "clases peligrosas", el objetivo final de este tipo de instituciones. La teoría y la práctica, la investigación y la intervención, el investigador y el investigado: elementos de un territorio de dicotomías clásicas de la investigación científica. Se analiza en este trabajo, las preguntas que surgen de la práctica de investigarCON en las instituciones en que las relaciones son determinadas por un desequilibrio en el poder. Se concluye que tal perspectiva de investigación no sólo es posible, sino necesario.

Instituição total e juventude: análise de uma narrativa cinematográfica / Total institutions and youth: analysis of a cinematographic narrative / Institución total y la juventud: análisis desde una narración cinematográfica

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características da instituição total frente aos considerados desvios de conduta juvenis, a partir de uma narrativa cinematográfica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo. Realizou-se a análise categorial temática do filme "A Ilha, Prisão sem Grades", dirigido por Christian Duguay em 2008. Os resultados foram sintetizados e apresentado em três categorias: Instituição familiar, Instituição de reclusão e Indivíduo. Discute-se a transferência da responsabilidade de outras instituições sociais, como família e Estado, para a instituição total, colocando no indivíduo a culpa por todos os seus comportamentos. A instituição, com seus dispositivos, trabalha na despersonalização e normatização deste indivíduo, dificultando sua reinserção na sociedade.(AU)

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of total institutions in the management of what is considered juvenile behavior deviations, from a narrative of a movie. It is a thus a qualitative and descriptive study. A content analysis technique was used to analyze the film "Boot Camp", directed by Christian Duguay in 2008. The results were summarized and presented in three categories: Family institution, Reclusion institution and Individual. It is discussed the transference of the responsibility from other social institutions, such as family and State, to the total institution, making the young to blame. The institution, with its devices, works on the depersonalization and standardization of the individual, making one’s reintegration into society more difficult.(AU)

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el papel y el poder de las instituciones, en la perspectiva social, en la gestión de las desviaciones de conducta de menores, desde una narración cinematográfica. Estudio cualitativo y descriptivo. Análisis de la película "Boot Camp" dirigida por Christian Duguay en 2008. Los resultados se presentan en tres categorías: la institución de la familia, la institución de la reclusión e individuo. Se discute la transferencia de responsabilidad de otras instituciones sociales como la familia y el Estado para una institución total, poniendo a la persona culpable por todos sus comportamientos. La institución total, con sus características, trabaja en la despersonalización y la normalización de este individuo, lo que dificulta su reintegración en la sociedad.(AU)

Instituição total e juventude: análise de uma narrativa cinematográfica / Total institutions and youth: analysis of a cinematographic narrative / Institución total y la juventud: análisis desde una narración cinematográfica

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever as características da instituição total frente aos considerados desvios de conduta juvenis, a partir de uma narrativa cinematográfica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo. Realizou-se a análise categorial temática do filme "A Ilha, Prisão sem Grades", dirigido por Christian Duguay em 2008. Os resultados foram sintetizados e apresentado em três categorias: Instituição familiar, Instituição de reclusão e Indivíduo. Discute-se a transferência da responsabilidade de outras instituições sociais, como família e Estado, para a instituição total, colocando no indivíduo a culpa por todos os seus comportamentos. A instituição, com seus dispositivos, trabalha na despersonalização e normatização deste indivíduo, dificultando sua reinserção na sociedade.

The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of total institutions in the management of what is considered juvenile behavior deviations, from a narrative of a movie. It is a thus a qualitative and descriptive study. A content analysis technique was used to analyze the film "Boot Camp", directed by Christian Duguay in 2008. The results were summarized and presented in three categories: Family institution, Reclusion institution and Individual. It is discussed the transference of the responsibility from other social institutions, such as family and State, to the total institution, making the young to blame. The institution, with its devices, works on the depersonalization and standardization of the individual, making one’s reintegration into society more difficult.

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el papel y el poder de las instituciones, en la perspectiva social, en la gestión de las desviaciones de conducta de menores, desde una narración cinematográfica. Estudio cualitativo y descriptivo. Análisis de la película "Boot Camp" dirigida por Christian Duguay en 2008. Los resultados se presentan en tres categorías: la institución de la familia, la institución de la reclusión e individuo. Se discute la transferencia de responsabilidad de otras instituciones sociales como la familia y el Estado para una institución total, poniendo a la persona culpable por todos sus comportamientos. La institución total, con sus características, trabaja en la despersonalización y la normalización de este individuo, lo que dificulta su reintegración en la sociedad.

The Defense of Socio-Educational Internment: Feature of the Hygienist Principles / Defesa da Internação Socioeducativa: Aspecto do Ideário Higienista / La Defensa de la Internación Socio Educativa: Aspecto del Ideario Higienista

Youth violence and interventions to affront it are the focus of our scientific research. The aim of this study is evaluate the existence of the aspects contained in the justifications of hygienism judgments of teenagers who meet admission youth work. In this sense, we 21 sentences that determined the internment and its supporting materials which makes up the judicial process of teenagers that have entered the year 2010 in the Center of Socio-education II in Cascavel Paraná State. The results led us to conclude that nowadays, notwithstanding the Children and Adolescent, we are still, by judicial determination, removing the Teen Delinquency situation and closed the judicial term returning it to the same context from which it was withdrawn. Enshrined due differences in shape and time note this routing aspects of the ideology of mental hygiene and the minor doctrine.(AU)

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a existência de aspectos do higienismo nas justificativas das sentenças judiciais de adolescentes que cumprem a internação socioeducativa. Foram analisadas 21 sentenças que determinaram a internação e os respectivos materiais de apoio que compõem o processo judicial de adolescentes que deram entrada no ano de 2010 no Centro de Socioeducação II de Cascavel, no Estado do Paraná. Os resultados indicaram que, na atualidade, não obstante o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, continuamos, por determinação judicial, retirando o adolescente da situação de delinquência e encerrado o prazo judicial devolvendo-o para o mesmo contexto de onde foi retirado. Resguardadas as devidas diferenças de forma e de tempo, nota-se nesse encaminhamento aspectos do ideário da higiene mental e da doutrina menorista.(AU)

La violencia juvenil y las intervenciones para enfrentarla son el enfoque de esta investigación científica. El objetivo del este estudio fue evaluar la existencia de aspectos del higienismo contenidos en las justificativas de las sentencias judiciales de los adolescentes que cumplen la internación socioeducativa. Analizamos 21 sentencias que determinan la internación y los respectivos materiales de apoyo que componen los procesos judiciales de adolescentes que ingresaron en el año de 2010 en el Centro de Socioeducação II de Cascavel en el Estado de Paraná. Concluimos con los resultados alcanzados que, actualmente, pese al Estatuto del Niño y del Adolescente, seguimos por determinación judicial, retirándoles de la situación de delincuencia y, pasados los plazos judiciales, devolviéndoles para el mismo contexto de donde fueron sacados. Salvaguardadas las diferencias de forma y tiempo, notamos en estos encaminamientos aspectos del ideario de la higiene mental y de la doctrina menorista.(AU)

Características del comportamiento suicida en cárceles de Colombia / Characteristics of suicide behavior in Colombian prisons / Características do comportamento suicida nas prisões da Colômbia

Objetivo. El estudio, de tipo descriptivo correlacional, buscó establecer cuáles de las variables de tiempo, modo y lugar, propias del contexto penitenciario y carcelario, aparecen con mayor frecuencia en 60 internos que se vieron involucrados con pensamientos de suicidio, intento de suicidio y suicidio consumado, en las cárceles y penitenciarías adscritas al Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario de Colombia (INPEC), durante el primer trimestre del 2013. Método. La muestra intencional estuvo constituida por 60 internos, de los cuales el 68,3 % eran hombres y el 31,7 % mujeres, con una edad promedio de 28,02 años y una desviación estándar de 8,03 años. Resultados. A través de un formato de uso exclusivo del INPEC y mediante el software estadístico “Statisticals Package for the Social Sciences” (SPSS), se obtuvo que el intento de suicidio, con un 76,7 %, es la conducta que con mayor frecuencia se presenta. Asimismo, a través de la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson (X2) se estableció la existencia de relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el tipo de conducta suicida y el género, el género y el método utilizado, el lugar del acontecimiento y el tipo de conducta suicida. Conclusiones. La etapa inicial del encarcelamiento es el lapso de mayor riesgo (uno a cinco meses) en la aparición del intento suicida (41,7 %), lo que podría explicarse a partir del desajuste afectivo y emocional que fragmenta la vida habitual del interno, en cuanto a sus relaciones interpersonales e intrapersonales, donde hay ausencia de comunicación positiva, y se evidencia el estrés moral y la tensión psicológica (OMS, 2000).

Objective. This study of a descriptive correlational type was aimed at establishing which of the incarceration context variables of time, method and place appear more frequently in 60 inmates involved in situations dealing with suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts and completed suicide during the first quarter of 2013 in the prisons and correctional institutions attached to the INPEC, the National Penitentiary and Prison Institute of Colombia. Method. The intentional sample consisted of 60 inmates, 68.3 % of which were men and 31.7 % were women with an average age of 28.02 years and a standard deviation of 8.03 years. Results. Through a format for the exclusive use by the INPEC and the “Statisticals Package for the Social Sciences” (SPSS) software, the result obtained was that suicide attempt, with 76.7 %, is the most frequently occurring conduct. Likewise, through the Pearson Chi-squared test (X2), the existence of statistically significant relations between the suicidal behavior type and gender and method used was established, instead of event and type of suicidal conduct. Conclusions. The initial incarceration stage is the most risky period (one to five months) in the emergence of the first suicidal attempt (41.7 %), which may be explained as triggered by the affective and emotional maladjustment fragmenting the daily life of inmates in their interpersonal and intrapersonal relations, where positive communication is absent and both moral and psychological stress are revealed (OMS, 2000).

Objetivo. O estudo, do tipo descritivo correlacional, procurou estabelecer quais das variáveis do tempo, modo e lugar, próprias do contexto da prisão e penitenciário, aparecem mais frequentemente em 60 presos que estiveram envolvidos com pensamentos de suicídio, tentativa de suicídio e suicídio consumado, nas prisões e cadeias adscritas ao Instituto Nacional Penitenciário e de Prisões da Colômbia (INPEC), durante o primeiro trimestre de 2013. Método. A amostra intencional foi constituída por 60 presos, dos quais 68.3% eram homens e 31.7% mulheres, com uma idade média de 28.02 anos e um desvio padrão de 8.03 anos. Resultados. Através de um formato do uso exclusivo do INPEC e por meio do software estatístico “Statisticals Package for the Social Sciences” (SPSS), concluiu-se que a tentativa do suicídio, com un 76.7%, é a conduta que apresenta- se mais frequentemente. Também, através do teste do chi-quadrado de Pearson (X2) que estabeleceu a existência de relações estatisticamente significativas entre o tipo de conduta suicida e o gênero, o gênero e o método usado, o lugar do evento e o tipo de conduta suicida. Conclusões. A etapa inicial do aprisionamento é o lapso de maior risco (um a cinco meses) na aparição na tentativa suicida (41.7%), que poderia ser explicada a partir do desequilíbrio emocional e afetivo que fragmenta a vida habitual do preso, a respeito das suas relações interpessoais e intrapessoais, onde há uma ausência de comunicação positiva, e demonstra-se o stress moral e a tensão psicológica (OMS, 2000).

The defense of socio-educational internment: feature of the hygienist principles / Defesa da internação socioeducativa: aspecto do ideário higienista / La Defensa de la Internación Socio Educativa: Aspecto del Ideario Higienista

Youth violence and interventions to affront it are the focus of our scientific research. The aim of this study is evaluate the existence of the aspects contained in the justifications of hygienism judgments of teenagers who meet admission youth work. In this sense, we 21 sentences that determined the internment and its supporting materials which makes up the judicial process of teenagers that have entered the year 2010 in the Center of Socio-education II in Cascavel Paraná State. The results led us to conclude that nowadays, notwithstanding the Children and Adolescent, we are still, by judicial determination, removing the Teen Delinquency situation and closed the judicial term returning it to the same context from which it was withdrawn. Enshrined due differences in shape and time note this routing aspects of the ideology of mental hygiene and the minor doctrine.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a existência de aspectos do higienismo nas justificativas das sentenças judiciais de adolescentes que cumprem a internação socioeducativa. Foram analisadas 21 sentenças que determinaram a internação e os respectivos materiais de apoio que compõem o processo judicial de adolescentes que deram entrada no ano de 2010 no Centro de Socioeducação II de Cascavel, no Estado do Paraná. Os resultados indicaram que, na atualidade, não obstante o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, continuamos, por determinação judicial, retirando o adolescente da situação de delinquência e encerrado o prazo judicial devolvendo-o para o mesmo contexto de onde foi retirado. Resguardadas as devidas diferenças de forma e de tempo, nota-se nesse encaminhamento aspectos do ideário da higiene mental e da doutrina menorista.

La violencia juvenil y las intervenciones para enfrentarla son el enfoque de esta investigación científica. El objetivo del este estudio fue evaluar la existencia de aspectos del higienismo contenidos en las justificativas de las sentencias judiciales de los adolescentes que cumplen la internación socioeducativa. Analizamos 21 sentencias que determinan la internación y los respectivos materiales de apoyo que componen los procesos judiciales de adolescentes que ingresaron en el año de 2010 en el Centro de Socioeducação II de Cascavel en el Estado de Paraná. Concluimos con los resultados alcanzados que, actualmente, pese al Estatuto del Niño y del Adolescente, seguimos por determinación judicial, retirándoles de la situación de delincuencia y, pasados los plazos judiciales, devolviéndoles para el mismo contexto de donde fueron sacados. Salvaguardadas las diferencias de forma y tiempo, notamos en estos encaminamientos aspectos del ideario de la higiene mental y de la doctrina menorista.

Intentional foreign object ingestions: need for endoscopy and surgery.

BACKGROUND: Intentional ingestion of foreign objects (IIFO) is common in the incarcerated population. This study was undertaken in order to better define clinical patterns of IIFO among prisoners. We sought to determine factors associated with the need for endoscopic and surgical therapy for IIFO. METHODS: After obtaining permission to conduct IIFO research in incarcerated populations, study patients were identified by ICD-9 codes. Patient charts were reviewed for demographics; past medical history; IIFO characteristics; and diagnostic, endoscopic, and surgical findings. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using statistical software. RESULTS: Thirty patients with 141 episodes of IIFO were identified. The mean number of ingested items per episode was 4.60. Endoscopy was performed in 97 of 141 IIFO instances, with failure to retrieve the ingested object in 21 of 97 cases (22%). Eleven instances (7.8%) required surgical intervention. On multivariate analyses, hospital admission was associated with elevated white blood cell count (odds ratio [OR] 1.4, P < 0.05) and number of items ingested (OR 1.3, P < 0.05). The need for endoscopy was independently associated with ingestion of multiple objects (OR 3.3, P < 0.05) and elevated white blood cell count (OR 1.3, P < 0.05). Surgical therapy was significantly associated with elevated white blood cell count (OR 1.6, P < 0.01) and with increasing number of ingested items (OR 1.07 per item, P < 0.05). Endoscopy is associated with significantly lower odds of surgery (OR 0.13, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Intentional ingestion of foreign objects continues to pose a significant human and economic burden. The need for admission or therapy is frequently associated with leukocytosis. Further investigation is warranted into resource-appropriate triage of patients who present with IIFO.